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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Vaccinium oxycoccos ： ウィキペディア英語版 Vaccinium oxycoccos ''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' is a species of flowering plant in the heath family. It is known by the common names small cranberry, bog cranberry, swamp cranberry,〔 or, particularly in Britain, just cranberry.〔 It is widespread throughout the cool temperate northern hemisphere, including northern Europe, northern Asia and northern North America.〔Matthews, Robin F. 1992. (''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' ). In: Fire Effects Information System, (). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.〕 This cranberry is a small, prostrate shrub with vine-like stems that root at the nodes. The leaves are leathery and lance-shaped, up to long.〔 Flowers arise on nodding stalks a few centimeters tall. The corolla is white or pink and flexed backward away from the center of the flower. The fruit is a red berry which has spots when young. It measures up to wide.〔〔(Flora of North America, ''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' Linnaeus, 1753. Small cranberry, canneberge commune ) .〕 The plant forms associations with mycorrhizae. It mainly reproduces vegetatively.〔 ''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' is a widespread and common species.〔(''Vaccinium oxycoccos''. ) NatureServe.〕〔(Biota of North America Program 2014 state-level distribution map )〕〔(Tela Botanica, ''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' L., Canneberge ) in French with photos, description, French distribution map〕〔(Altervista Flora Italiana, Mirtillo palustre, ''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' L. ) includes photos, European distribution map〕 It is an indicator of moist to wet soils which are low in nitrogen and have a high water table. It is an indicator of coniferous swamps. It grows in bogs and fens in moist forest habitat. It grows on peat which may be saturated most of the time. The soil in bogs is acidic and low in nutrients. The plant's mycorrhizae help it obtain nutrients in this situation. Fens have somewhat less acidic soil, which is also higher in nutrients. The plant can often be found growing on hummocks of ''Sphagnum'' mosses. In North America, other species found in this forest understory habitat include leatherleaf (''Chamaedaphne calyculata''), bog rosemary (''Andromeda glaucophylla''), bog laurel (''Kalmia polifolia''), pitcher plant (''Sarracenia purpurea''), Labrador tea (''Ledum groenlandicum''), cloudberry (''Rubus chamaemorus''), rhodora (''Rhododendron canadense''), glossy buckthorn (''Rhamnus frangula''), sundew (''Drosera'' spp.), cottonsedge (''Eriophorum virginatum'' and ''E. angustifolium''), and species of sedge and lichen. The plant easily colonizes bog habitat that has recently burned. It survives fire with its underground rhizomes.〔〔 ''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' has been used as a medicine and as a food by various Native American communities. Some Iñupiat cook the cranberry with fish eggs and blubber. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vaccinium oxycoccos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.